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Audit of Student Loan Servicers Indicates Years of Errors
February 12, 2019 – An audit report released by the Education Department Office of Inspector General described the outrageous mismanagement of federal student loan servicers, like Navient and FedLoan, that are not being held accountable for significant and long tolerated “errors”. Even though these servicers can be fined for their lack of proper management they were not because they are self-regulating (somewhat like asking the teenager to discipline themself for taking the family car without permission). Ultimately this adds increased cost for taxpayers and borrowers (the current student loan debt is over 1.5 trillion dollars).
What will not surprise anyone – in a written response included in the report, James F. Manning, the acting chief operating officer of the agency’s Federal Student Aid office, said his department was dedicated to giving borrowers “world-class service” and strongly disagreed with the report’s conclusion.
One of the dirty little secrets is that servicers make more money putting a student loan into forbearance than they make doing income based repayment programs.
The audit found servicers continually made mistakes when informing borrowers about their payment options and in how they calculated payments for borrowers on income-based repayment plans.
I applied for a public service program which is supposed to eliminate most of my student loan debt.
According to the New York Times – a Government Accountability Office investigation last year revealed that a loan forgiveness program for public servants had rejected more than 99 percent of those who applied, largely because of mistakes and confusion in its implementation. For those of you who like numbers: borrowers with 49,669 loans have applied for Public Service Loan Forgiveness as of September 30, 2018. 206 borrowers with 423 loans have been approved – thus 99% denial.
President Trump successfully Strangles Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
According to the New York Times, the report infuriated some consumer advocates like Seth Frotman, a former student loan ombudsman at the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau who quit last year after complaining that the Trump administration was protecting lenders at borrowers’ expense.
“The rampant breakdowns and lack of accountability this shows should be Exhibit A as state legislators and state law enforcement officials demand justice for student loan borrowers,” he said.
Credit Slips – Student Loan Servicing Fails
Talk to anyone who has or had a student loan and tried to get help – they will share their never-ending nightmare of trying to find someone who can either help or at least give them competent advice.
The post Navient & FedLoan Mismanagement of Student Loans appeared first on Diane L. Drain - Phoenix Bankruptcy & Foreclosure Attorney.
I continued to be amazed at the inability of banks to produce a copy of the actual credit card agreement signed by their customers when suing on a defaulted account. The inability or unwillingness to produce a signed agreement is truly astounding. How can a bank obtain a judgment for a debt on a written contract without production of the contract itself?
The answer to that question is that banks are allowed to rely on the monthly billing statements they send their customers as proof of the debt without having to produce a signed copy of the written agreement. This action is called an Account Stated lawsuit, and for the first time the Nebraska court system has issued a ruling specifically allowing these lawsuits to proceed in the case of American Express Centurian Bank v. Scheer, 25 Neb. App.784 (2018).
In Scheer the trial court awarded American Express a judgment on 3 credit card accounts totaling $72,197.11. It is important to note that Scheer was sued not by a junk debt buyer that purchases a list of delinquent accounts with little supporting documentation other than the name, address and amounts owed by various individuals. Rather, Scheer was sued by American Express Centurion Bank itself and they still could not or would not produce a copy of the written contract in court.
Sheer responded to the lawsuit and offered 17 affirmative defenses included claims of being charged a usurious interest rate. Unfortunately, Sheer did not offer any evidence to the court and did not appear to demand production of any documentation from American Express during the lawsuit. It appears that Scheer merely responded to the lawsuit and did nothing more.
American Express filed a Motion for Summary Judgment and offered affidavits attaching monthly billing statements and account histories. Scheer’s attorney filed no objections to admitting these affidavits into evidence. The trial court awarded judgment on the motion and Sheer filed this appeal.
The Court of Appeals provided a summary of the legal history of account stated lawsuits in Nebraska:
- An “account stated” is an agreement between persons who have had previous dealings determining the amount due by reason of such transactions. Sherrets, Smith v. MJ Optical, Inc., 259 Neb. 424, 610 N.W.2d 413 (2000).
- An account stated creates a new cause of action in which pleading and proof of the original items of indebtedness are unnecessary.
- The creditor in a valid account stated may recover thereon without pleading and proving the original items of the indebtedness. In re Estate of Black, 125 Neb. 75, 249 N.W. 84 (1933).
- The failure to object to an account stated is admissible in evidence as tending to prove an acknowledgment of its correctness. Proof of an express promise to pay is not required. John Deere Co. of Moline v. Ramacciotti Equip. Co., 181 Neb. 273, 147 N.W.2d 765 (1967).
A glaring omission in this case history cited by the Court of Appeals is the case of B.C. Christopher & Co. v. Danker, 196 Neb. 518 (1976). In that case the Nebraska Supreme Court stated that “an account stated should be set aside if the case is to be tried on the original claims upon which it is based.”
The Danker was relying on the case of Andrews Electic Copany v Farm Automation Inc. 188 Neb. 669 (1972), a case involving a written agreement between a general contractor and a subcontractor. The subcontractor (Andrews) sued under various theories including breach of contract, account stated and an open account. The Nebraska Supreme Court stated that “An account stated is a contract to pay a stated sum. It must ordinarily be set aside in order for the original claims upon which it is based to be tried.‘
Got that? In two Nebraska Supreme Court opinions the court said that an account stated cause of action should be set aside in order to try the case upon the original claims. And what is the original claim? The breach of the written contract. In other words, if an express written contract exists between two parties, the case should be tried upon the contract, not upon the stated account.
Neither the Danker nor the Andrews Electric opinions are cited by the Nebraska Appeals Court in the Scheer case. How did that happen? The two most relevant and controlling cases governing account stated lawsuits in Nebraska are not even referenced in the Scheer opinion nor in the briefs filled by the parties. Amazing.
The Danker and Andrews Electric cases make it clear that the account stated theory of recovery should only be utilized when an express agreement between two parties does not exist and liability must be determined by reference to an ongoing record.
To make matters worse, the Appeals court went on to make several more incredible statements.
“Because an account stated creates a new cause of action in which pleading and proof of the original items of indebtedness are unnecessary, American Express was not required to prove the underlying transactions.”
Wait. It gets worse.
“An account stated is not subject to the usual defenses attacking the original items of indebtedness, but is subject to the defenses of usury, fraud, and mistake.”
What does this statement mean? It is not subject to the usual defenses attacking the original terms of indebtedness? Does this mean that the terms of a written contract are disregarded if a debtor fails to object to the stated account? The stated account triumphs over the written contract when no objection to the statement is registered? For example, if my written contract with the bank calls for interest at the rate of 9% but an employee erroneously enters the rate as 90% percent and I fail to notice this error on my statement, am I now stuck paying 90% interest even though my contract says 9%?
And, it gets even worse.
“Therefore, once American Express presented a prima facie case of an account stated, the burden of proof shifted to Scheer to prove that no agreement as to the amount owed existed. Absent evidence to dispute the existence of an account stated, Scheer was left to his affirmative defenses of usury, fraud, and mistake.”
The burden of proof shifted to the defendant to prove that no agreement as to the amount owed existed? How exactly does one prove that an agreement does not exist? How can any defendant prove that “no agreement as to the amount owed existed?” How does one prove a negative?
The effect of this decision is to take away a defendant’s right to prove that a billing statement is not in compliance with the underlying written contract, and that is exactly what the court in Danker and Andrews Electric did not allow.
The court also seems to be oblivious to the highly regulated nature of credit card agreements. Federal and state laws require credit card agreements to be in writing and they specifically prevent banks from charging fees in excess of the written agreements. The court has effectively cancelled the federal Truth in Lending Act by declaring that monthly billing statements govern and that written contracts don’t matter. Defendant Scheer was not even allowed a trial to demonstrate how the monthly statements may conflict with actual contract between the parties.
I sign a contract with you to cut your grass for $20. I perform the service and then I mail you a statement for $200. You fail to object to my statement. Maybe you don’t even open the mail. Maybe you are depressed or are going through a divorce or perhaps you even moved away. Do you owe me $20 or $200?
Image courtesy of Flickr and Jason Rogers.
The January 2019 New York City Taxi & Limousine Commission (TLC) sales results have been released to the public. And as is our practice, provided below are Jim Shenwick’s comments about those sales results.
1. The volume of transfers fell from December. In January, there were 94 unrestricted taxi medallion sales.
2. 79 of the 94 sales were foreclosure sales (84%), which means that the medallion owner defaulted on the bank loan and the banks were foreclosing to obtain possession of the medallion. One sale was an estate sale. We disregard these transfers in our analysis of the data, because we believe that they are outliers and not indicative of the true value of the medallion, which is a sale between a buyer and a seller under no pressure to sell (fair market value).
3. The large volume of foreclosure sales (approximately 84%) is in our opinion evidence of the continued weakness in the taxi medallion market.
4. The 14 regular sales for consideration ranged from a low of $135,000 (one medallion) to $175,000 (one medallion), $210,000 (one medallion), $228,000 (one medallion), $340,000 (two medallions), $350,000 (six medallions) and a high of $373,337.02 (two medallions) for a median value of $350,000, a 106% increase from December’s median value of $170,000.
5. The fact that 84% of all transfers in January 2019 were foreclosure sales shows continued weakness in the taxi medallion market and no sign of a correction.
6. At Shenwick & Associates we believe that the value of a medallion is approximately $162,000+ and dropping.
Please continue to read our blog to see what happens to medallion pricing in the future. Any individuals or businesses with questions about taxi medallion valuations or workouts should contact Jim Shenwick at (212) 541-6224 or via email at j[email protected].
Uber filed a lawsuit on Friday to overturn New York City’s first-in-the-nation law capping the number of ride-hail drivers that operate on its streets. The law, which went into effect last August, paused the issuance of new licenses to drivers for 12 months. But Uber wants the law overturned for fear that the city will ultimately make the cap permanent.
The law was part of a sweeping legislative package passed by the New York City Council last summer to give regulators more control over e-hail companies. In addition to the cap, the city council also approved a minimum pay standard among drivers, with the goal of reducing how much time empty cars spend on the road.
Supporters claimed the cap is necessary to examine the impact of app-based cars on worsening traffic congestion in the city. But the cap amounts to a “ban first, study later” approach, Uber argues. According to the suit filed in the New York Supreme Court:
Rather than rely on alternatives supported by transportation experts and economists, the City chose to significantly restrict service, growth and competition by the for-hire vehicle industry, which will have a disproportionate impact on residents outside of Manhattan who have long been underserved by yellow taxis and mass transit. The City made this choice in the absence of any evidence that doing so would meaningfully impact congestion, the problem the City was ostensibly acting to solve.
While wildly popular among riders, Uber and Lyft have been a source of almost constant grief for policymakers, disability advocates, taxi medallion holders, and driver groups. Critics complain that Uber and Lyft have been allowed to dominate the market without having to follow many of the same rules that apply to taxis. This has led to a glut of drivers that has outstripped demand, driving down wages and increasing traffic congestion. At the time, New York City’s law capping the number of drivers was held up as a potential model for other cities that want to rein in the ride-hail industry.
For NYC mayor Bill de Blasio, the cap was also an opportunity for a do-over. He first proposed to limit the number of new Uber and Lyft vehicles in 2015, but ultimately dropped it after a bruising public relations battle with the app companies. Finding success his second time around, de Blasio has said publicly he’s inclined to keep the cap in place after the 12-month period expires.
“We’re going to put ongoing caps in place on the for-hire vehicles and we’re going to work to increase the wages and benefits [of] the drivers,” he said in a recent radio interview. Uber says this amounts to a “‘post hoc rationalization’ of a remedy the City appears to have already selected,” according to the suit.
A spokesperson for de Blasio did not immediately respond to a request for comment. A spokesperson for the city’s Law Department declined to comment until the lawsuit had been filed.
An Uber spokesperson said the cap blocks new drivers from receiving the benefits from the wage hike. “The City Council’s new law guarantees a living wage for drivers, and the administration should not have blocked New Yorkers from taking advantage of it by imposing a cap,” the spokesperson said. “We agree that fighting congestion is a priority, which is why we support the state’s vision for congestion pricing, the only evidence-based plan to reduce traffic and fund mass transit.”
The number of new app-based vehicles in New York City has surged in the past few years, growing from 63,000 in 2015 to over 100,000 today. These new vehicles have added an unprecedented number of new miles driven in New York City, according to a recent analysis by traffic analyst Bruce Schaller. Trip volumes have tripled in the last year and a half, and 600 million driving miles were added citywide. In addition, Schaller found evidence that ridership was shifting from public transportation to ride-hailing apps.
Meanwhile, taxi medallion owners have seen the value of their licenses drop steadily since Uber’s arrival. Saddled with debt, some taxis drivers have committed suicide — six in as many months.
“Uber thinks it is above the law,” said Bhairavi Desai, the executive director of the New York Taxi Workers Alliance. “The company wants the right to add more and more cars to our streets without limit. But there is a very human cost to Uber’s business practices.”
The cap was originally presented along with a proposal to increase wages for ride-hail drivers. That law, which went into effect on February 1st, mandates the wage floor of $17.22 per hour after expenses for drivers, or $26.51 per hour before expenses. Lyft filed a lawsuit to block the implementation of the wage law, but it later confirmed it would pay its drivers the increased rates.
Uber’s lawsuit came a day after Amazon stunned the city by pulling out of its deal to build a second headquarters in the borough of Queens. Julie Samuels, executive director of Tech:NYC, a nonprofit that helps grow tech companies in the city, said she’s concerned that these combined events will send the message that New York’s elected officials are “putting a target on tech’s back.”
“I’m not worried about Uber,” Samuels said. “I’m worried about the next company that will think twice before coming here.”
© 2019 Vox Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Do I have to pay taxes if I file bankruptcy?
What is forgiveness of debt income?
When you owe money and do not pay the full amount of the debt the lender is required to file a 1099 form with the IRS showing that you had phantom income in the amount the creditor forgave. This is referred to as ‘forgiveness of debt’.
Exceptions to forgiveness of debt:
Certain instances of “forgiveness of debt” cannot be taxed – typically bankruptcy is one of those exceptions. These exceptions are listed on IRS form 982, which you must fill out and file with your tax returns. Make sure to read and follow the directions when filling out the form.
Negotiating a settlement of debt vs bankruptcy
Negotiating a settlement of a debt will lead to tax obligations. Many of my clients tried to settle their own debts (either by hiring a company or doing it on their own), unfortunately no one warned them about the tax problems. These tax issues cannot be discharged in bankruptcy; at least for several years. Had my client filed bankruptcy to discharge the debt then, in most consumer cases, there are no tax consequences.
I filed bankruptcy then received 1099 Income Statement from a creditor.
When you receive a 1099 form after filing for bankruptcy then file the 982 form (discussed above). Mark the box that you filed bankruptcy and file the form with your tax returns. Keep a copy for your records.
Note – if the creditor forgave the debt prior to you filing for bankruptcy protection you may be faced with tax issues. But there might be another exception that protects you – check the ‘insolvency’ description on the 982 form to see if you qualify for that exception.
Taxes, like bankruptcy, are far too complicated to do without competent guidance. This is similar to jumping off a cliff and then deciding to check below for rocks or sharks. Ask for experienced help before jumping.
The post Do I Have to Pay Taxes if I File Bankruptcy? appeared first on Diane L. Drain - Phoenix Bankruptcy & Foreclosure Attorney.
At least once or twice a week someone asks if they have to pay a judgment when trying to sell their home.
The answer is probably ‘no’, but depends on certain facts. It depends on the law of the state where the judgment debtor lives. It also depends on the type of assets the judgment debtor has – exempt versus non-exempt.
I want to sell my home but the title company says I have to pay a judgment.
Very bad information from title company.
Assuming this is in Arizona then you are dealing with a title company that does not know how to read Arizona law. See Arizona Revised Statutes 33-964:
A. Except as provided in sections 33-729 and 33-730, from and after the time of recording as provided in section 33-961, a judgment shall become a lien for a period of ten years from the date it is given, on all real property of the judgment debtor except real property exempt from execution, including homestead property, in the county in which the judgment is recorded, whether the property is then owned by the judgment debtor or is later acquired. A civil judgment lien obtained by this state and a judgment lien for support, as defined in section 25-500, remain in effect until satisfied or lifted.
B. Except as provided in section 33-1103, a recorded judgment shall not become a lien on any homestead property. Any person entitled to a homestead on real property as provided by law holds the homestead property free and clear of the judgment lien.
If this is your Arizona home (homestead) then do not let the title company bully you into paying the judgment. Move to a different title company who knows how to read the law.
I filed bankruptcy and want to sell my Arizona home, but the title company requires that I pay a judgment.
Again, the Arizona law applies even if you filed for bankruptcy. It is important to list all debts, including judgments (remember you signed a sworn declaration that you listed 100% of all your debts). Even if you forget to list this judgment it is still not a lien against your home (see the Arizona law above).
WHAT SHOULD I DO?
If a title company does not ignore judgment liens that show up on a title report with respect to a seller’s homestead (even if no bankruptcy was filed), send a letter to the title company’s lawyer explaining the law and why this judgment lien does not attach to the homestead (include copies of the statutes: ARS 33-964. Highlight the provisions dealing with homestead ‘exempt’ property.). If the title company refuses to change their requirements then move the escrow to a title company that will (such as North American Title or First American Title).
Note: if there is equity over the allowed $150,000 homestead then the judgment creditor must initiate a sheriff sale before the property is transferred. If the creditor fails to go through the sheriff sale process before the property is transferred, the creditor has lost its remedy to get paid with respect to the homestead.
Note – selling your home while in bankruptcy will be a problem. Most likely you will need to get permission from the court, or at least the trustee, in order to sell your home. Talk to your bankruptcy attorney before deciding to sell your home. If your bankruptcy attorney does not know the answer to your questions then hire another attorney. This issue is a very basic one and every bankruptcy attorney should know the process.
The post Do I Have to Pay a Judgment Before Selling My Home? appeared first on Diane L. Drain - Phoenix Bankruptcy & Foreclosure Attorney.
If you are considering bankruptcy in Seattle, you must already be in a dire financial situation. As such, you probably think it is better if you file bankruptcy on your own to save on attorney’s fees. However, you may not be aware that it is a big and expensive mistake. The fact remains, working with an experienced Seattle bankruptcy attorney will not only save you money but also time and the stress brought about by bankruptcy proceedings.
You should be aware that you will still be required to pay the same filing costs and fees even if you do decide to file bankruptcy in Seattle on your own. Another important thing to note is the complexity of a bankruptcy case such that even the simplest case requires accomplishment of extensive forms, compliance to local court protocols, and in-depth research on exemption laws. Errors may lead to major repercussions wherein you may lose nonexempt properties, your debt may not be approved for discharge, or worse, you could be charged for fraud.
You may avoid these complications by getting one of the best Seattle bankruptcy attorneys. You may find the qualified ones at Northwest Debt Relief Law Firm because they will work hard to the best of their abilities to ensure that you get all the assistance you will ever need.
So, what exactly do Northwest Debt Relief Law Firm’s Seattle bankruptcy attorneys do for their clients?
- They will make sure that you are fully aware of your options and the different types of bankruptcy so that you may file the one that is more ideal for your financial situation.While there are many types of bankruptcy, only two are of concern to most individual debtors: Chapter 7 and Chapter 13. While they both provide protection from your creditors, which one you file depends on your individual situation.
- A Chapter 7 bankruptcy is more about the liquidation of assets to pay off creditors. It is usually fast, with discharges received within three to four months, allowing debtors a quick fresh start. All of a debtor’s non-exempt properties are collected and sold to pay back the creditors A debtor is allowed to keep what is known as exempt property. Chapter 7 bankruptcy is suitable for low-income debtors with little or no assets with which to pay off their debts. However, it costs more to file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy than Chapter 13 and there is a greater risk of losing your property due to foreclosure.
- A Chapter 13 bankruptcy is more about helping a debtor pay off outstanding debts through an approved repayment plan. It is often called “reorganization” because it allows Chapter 13 filers to pay off all or part of their debts in a span of three to five years. The purpose of the reorganization plan is to show how you will fully pay all priority claims, such as child support, unpaid wages, and taxes, within three to five years. Unsecured debts like credit card debts and medical bills may be partially paid over time.
- They will see to it that you comply with bankruptcy requirementsUnder the law, it is of utmost importance to have all your ducks in a row before you file — and there are quite a few ducks… examples of which are the many pages of forms to fill out and supporting documentation that you must gather and organize before you are ready to file. Bankruptcy cases may be dismissed without discharging your debts if you do not comply with bankruptcy requirements for filing, providing documents, or other administrative matters.
Following are the requirements you must comply with :- Complete the mandatory pre-filing credit counseling class within the 180 days before your bankruptcy filing.
- File the required bankruptcy forms detailing all of your current debts, assets, income, and expenses, as well as your plans regarding loans that are secured by collateral (such as car loans).
- Pay court fees such as the filing fee, administrative fee, and in Chapter 7 cases, the trustee surcharge.
- Attend the 341 meeting where the bankruptcy court trustee, as well as your creditors, will ask you questions about the information you provided in your forms.
- Make timely payments on your Chapter 13 repayment plan.
- Follow orders of the court.
- They may help you protect your property.Some property is protected by exemptions but our experienced bankruptcy attorneys are committed to making sure you take all you are entitled to, that there will be little or no loss of non-exempt property, and will help you avoid unexpected losses.
- They will make sure that tax refunds and other monies due are in order.It is important to list all receivables, or money due to you, as property in your bankruptcy forms and to file your bankruptcy at the right time. Otherwise, you could lose out on proceeds of lawsuits, upcoming tax refunds, inheritance or life insurance proceeds, bonuses, and sales commissions.
- They will help you deal with credit cards and loans.Our helpful bankruptcy attorneys may be able to guide you on how to deal with your credit card debts and payday loans. They will explain to you how these are dealt with in a bankruptcy filing and how your credit rating will be affected by the bankruptcy itself. Your Northwest Debt Relief Law Firm’s Seattle bankruptcy attorneys will strive to have your credit restored in no time.
- They will deal with foreclosures and repossessions.Our practical Seattle bankruptcy attorneys understand how valuable your house, vehicles, and personal property are to you. Thus, it is in no uncertain terms that they will work hard to make sure there are ways to prevent foreclosure and repossession of your most treasured possessions.
- They will also take care of situations that may affect your family.Our understanding Seattle bankruptcy attorneys will find the best ways to handle your debts if you are going through a tough time such as divorce proceedings. They will leave no stone unturned to make sure that the bankruptcy process will go as smoothly as possible, with minimal effect on your family, children, and your inheritance.
- They will help you take care of how you can settle your debts.A good Seattle bankruptcy attorney will look at the type of debts you have that are eligible for discharge and find out how to handle any remaining debt. Our hardworking bankruptcy attorneys at Northwest Debt Relief Law Firm will gladly assist you in settling and negotiating debts and guide you on how you may avoid being in the red again in the future. They may teach you how to set up budgets, the best way to prioritize your expenses, as well as how to cut spending where possible.
- They will make sure you exercise fair judgment in paying off your debts.Our Seattle bankruptcy attorneys will see to it that you settle your debts with each of your creditors fairly before filing for bankruptcy. Paying off certain creditors, such as friends or family, larger amounts constitutes a preferential transfer and is prohibited by law. Your bankruptcy trustee may sue you and recover the money that should have been distributed evenly among all creditors.
- They will provide free consultations
Contact a Seattle Bankruptcy Attorney Today
Our friendly Seattle bankruptcy attorneys at Northwest Debt Relief Law Firm are willing to answer your questions and examine your case in order to cope up with viable solutions to your financial situation.
Get in touch with us at Northwest Debt Relief Law Firm for a free initial consultation and let us help you rebuild a more secure financial future.
The post What Can Bankruptcy Attorneys Do For Me? appeared first on Portland Bankruptcy Attorney | Northwest Debt Relief.
As the new year has begun, it is time to look at the bankruptcy filing statistics from the first part of 2019 as compared to the first part of 2018. This fact will dictate where we may be heading for the rest of 2019. As expected, total bankruptcy filings in January 2019 increased 5 percent+ Read More
The post Bankruptcy Filings Are Up In 2019 appeared first on David M. Siegel.
As the new year has begun, it is time to look at the bankruptcy filing statistics from the first part of 2019 as compared to the first part of 2018. This fact will dictate where we may be heading for the rest of 2019. As expected, total bankruptcy filings in January 2019 increased 5 percent+ Read More
The post Bankruptcy Filings Are Up In 2019 appeared first on David M. Siegel.
If you are considering filing for bankruptcy in California, you should understand what type of debt you can discharge. The debts you are permitted to discharge in a Chapter 7 bankruptcy may be different from the debts discharged with a Chapter 13 bankruptcy filing. That is why it is important to understand the difference between […]
The post What is Unsecured Debt in Bankruptcy in California? appeared first on The Bankruptcy Group, P.C..
Updated daily, this blog will keep you informed on the latest bankruptcy news! 
Learn more about how Bankruptcy works and what you need to know.